BASH: $#---所有参数
readonly--修饰常量#
使用数组
[bob in ~] ARRAY=(one two three)
[bob in ~] echo ${ARRAY[*]}
one two three
[bob in ~] echo $ARRAY[*]
one[*]
[bob in ~] echo ${ARRAY[2]}
three
[bob in ~] ARRAY[3]=four
[bob in ~] echo ${ARRAY[*]}
one two three four
变量的长度
[bob in ~] echo $SHELL
/bin/bash
[bob in ~] echo ${#SHELL}
9
[bob in ~] ARRAY=(one two three)
[bob in ~] echo ${#ARRAY}
3
#####################################################
以下的例子显示了一个简单的测试：
anny ~> if [ $? -eq 0 ]
More input> then echo 'That was a good job!'
More input> fi
That was a good job!
anny ~>
一个通过比较字符串来测试用户ID的例子：
if [ "$(whoami)" != 'root' ]; then
echo "You have no permission to run $0 as non-root user."
exit 1;
fi
使用Bash，你可以缩短这样的结构。下面是以上测试的精简结构：
[ "$(whoami)" != 'root' ] && ( echo you are using a non-privileged account; exit 1 )
类似于如果测试为真就执行的 “&&” 表达式， “||” 指定了测试为假就执行。类似于 “&&” 表达式指明了在两个测试条件为真时所采取的动作，“||” 指明测试为假时所采取的行动。
